美资本充足银行被监管机构“连坐”关闭

　　Citizens National Bank, of Teague, Texas, eked out a small profit in the third quarter and was well-capitalized by industry standards.
　　位于得克萨斯州蒂格城(Teague)的Citizens National Bank，在第三季度赚得一点微薄利润，从行业标准来看，它的资本充足水平也是不错的。

　　It failed anyway. Regulators seized the one-branch bank on Friday along with eight other financial institutions also owned by FBOP Corp., a bank-holding company in Oak Park, Ill., that was on the ropes for months.
　　但它还是倒了。上周五这家只有一个分支机构的银行被监管机构接管，同时被接管的还有另外八家金融机构。它们都是位于伊利诺伊州奥克帕克(Oak Park)的银行控股公司FBOP Corp.旗下银行，而FBOP几个月以来都已经是命悬一线。

　　Most of FBOP's banks were woefully short of capital, hit hard by souring real-estate loans that came from the parent company, according to people familiar with the situation. The banks also were pummeled by their holdings of preferred stock in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
　　熟悉内情的人士透露，受源自母公司的房贷坏账上升的冲击，FBOP旗下多数银行资本严重短缺。手中持有的房利美(Fannie Mae)和房贷美(Freddie Mac)优先股，也让它们承受了大量压力。

　　In a twist with roots in the savings-and-loan crisis, Citizens and another relatively healthy bank were seized by regulators, too, because they couldn't pay for the sins of FBOP's terminally ill banks.
　　因被牵涉到这场存贷款危机，Citizens National Bank和另外一家相对健康的银行也被监管部门接管，因为它们不能够为FBOP旗下那些病入膏肓的银行承担债务。

　　The Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. is allowed under a 1989 law to assess the costs of disposing of a failed bank that is part of a holding company to other banks with the same owner. The agency has used the mechanism just six times.
　　根据1989年的一项法律，美国联邦存款保险公司(Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.，简称FDIC)可以将处置控股公司旗下破产银行的成本，让同一公司旗下其他银行来承担。FDIC对这一机制仅使用了六次。

　　The so-called cross-guarantee authority 'prevents a bank-holding company from loading all the problem assets into one bank and letting that one go down at taxpayer expense in order to preserve the healthy bank,' said Gregory Lyons, co-chairman of the financial-institutions group at law firm Debevoise & Plimpton LLP in New York.
　　纽约律所Debevoise & Plimpton公司金融机构团队联席主席莱昂斯(Gregory Lyons)表示，这种交叉担保条款，起到的作用是防止银行控股公司为保留健康银行，把所有问题资产集中存放于一家银行，让它破产，让纳税人付出代价。

　　When regulators shuttered the flailing banks after closing hours on Friday, the FDIC leaned on Citizens National Bank and Park National Bank, based in Chicago, to foot the bill.
　　上周五监管机构在盘后关闭濒临破产的几家银行后，FDIC让Citizens National Bank和总部位于芝加哥的Park National Bank来付这一笔账。

　　'The two banks were unable to pay the amounts assessed and were closed by their chartering authorities,' the agency said in a statement.
　　FDIC在一份声明中表示，两家银行无法支付评估得出的数额，被监管部门关闭。

　　Citizens National Bank had just $102 million in assets, compared with $19.4 billion in assets for the nine FBOP-owned banks combined.
　　Citizens National Bank只有1.02亿美元资本，PBOP旗下九家银行的资本总计有194亿美元。

　　The nine banks were operated as separate entities but often participated in loans generated by the parent company, according to people familiar with the situation. As a result, loans on the balance sheet of individual banks were intertwined, causing the FDIC to favor selling all of the banks to one bidder, these people said.
　　熟悉内情的人士透露，九家银行作为独立实体运营，但常常参与母公司产生的贷款，因此各银行资产负债表上的贷款相互纠缠，导致FDIC选择将所有银行打包一起卖给一个竞购者。
　　
　　Robin Sidel