Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Immigrants adoption of English as their primary language is one measure of assimilation into the larger United States society. Generally languages define social groups and provide justification for social structures. Hence, a distinctive language sets a cultural group off from the dominant language group. (46)Throughout United States history this pattern has resulted in one consistent, unhappy consequence discrimination against members of the cultural minority Language differences provide both a way to rationalize subordination and a ready means for achieving it.
Traditionally, English has replaced the native language of immigrant groups by the second or third generation. Some characteristics of today's Spanish-speaking population, however, suggest the possibility of a departure from this historical pattern. Many families retain ties in Latin America and move back and forth between their present and former communities. (47)This “revolving door” phenomenon, along with the high probability of additional immigrants from the south, means that large Spanish-speaking communities are likely to exist in the United States for the indefinite future.
This expectation underlies the call for national support for bilingual education in Spanish-speaking communities' public schools. Bilingual education can serve different purposes. (48)However, in the 1960s, such programs were established to facilitate the learning of English so as to avoid disadvantaging children in their other subjects because of their limited English. More recently, many advocates have viewed bilingual education as a means to maintain children's native languages and cultures. The issue is important for people with different pole to separatism at the other. To date, the evaluations of bilingual education's impact on learning have been inconclusive. The issue of bilingual education has, nevertheless, served to unite the leadership of the nation's Hispanic communities. (49)Grounded in concerns about status that are directly traceable to the United States history of discrimination against Hispanics, the demand for maintenance of the Spanish language in the schools is an assertion of the worth of a people and their culture. If the United States is truly a multicultural nation—that is, if it is one culture reflecting the contributions of many—this demand should be seen as a demand not for separation but for inclusion.
More direct efforts to force inclusion can be misguided. For example, movement to declare English the official language do not truly advance the cohesion of a multicultural nation. They alienate the twenty million people who do not speak English as their mother tongue. They are unnecessary since the public's business is already conducted largely in English. (50)Further, given the present state of understanding about the effects of bilingual education on learning, it would be unwise to require the universal use of English. Finally, it is for parents and local communities to choose the path they will follow, including hoe much of their culture they want to maintain for their children.
Section Ⅲ Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
You are going to write a letter to your university newspaper editor. And your letter should include the following points.
1) Introduce the activities of volunteers in your university,
2) State its importance,
3) Your own practice
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52.
The Widening of College Enrollment
Directions:
Study the following graphs and write an essay in 160—200 words
Your essay must cover these three points
1)Effect of the country's rapid growth of GDP on its higher education,
2)Possible reason for the effect,
3)Your prediction of the tendency of the development of China's higher education
Chart I Grouth of GDP
(in billion yuan)
Chart 2 Students Studying at College
(in million)
Chart 3 College Enrollment (in million)
答案解析:
Section I Use of English
1.「答案」 D
「解析」 本题考查词汇知识。从此空所在句后半句“……there are opportunities for overseas service……”中的“overseas service”可知,此空应填“overseas”。D overseas可做形容词“外国的,海外的”;也可做副词“在海外”。本句前一个overseas是副词,后一个overseas是形容词。
2.「答案」 B
「解析」 本句意为:“正如年轻人在参加全职工作前有机会参加海外志愿服务一样,发展中国家的合格技术人员也有机会参加海外服务。”just as……so意为“正如……也。”可见B为正确答案。
3.「答案」 D
「解析」 本题考查词汇知识。根据句意,“合格的技术人员”,此处应选择D qualified“有资格的,合格的”。
4.「答案」 C
「解析」 本题考查副词。根据句意,“一些人,尤其是那些退休早的人”,此处表示强调。故C particularly“特别地,尤其地”为正确答案。
5.「答案」 C
「解析」 本题考查词动词的用法。本句意为“一些人,尤其是那些退休早的人,在有特殊需求的国家提供他们的技术和商业技能。”skills“技能”前面只能用 offer“提供”。
6.「答案」 B
「解析」 本题考查关系副词where的用法。countries,表示地点,where用于表示地点的词语之后,意为“在那;该处”,故选择B where.
7.「答案」 B
「解析」 本题考查过去分词的用法。所选词应该与or前的voluntary对应,因此,B paid“付费的”为正确答案,做定语。
8.「答案」 D
「解析」 此处是一个more than的比较结构,现在和以前做比较。本句意为“所以在考虑义务或付费的社区服务时,现在比一个人刚开始工作时有更多的机会。”D ever“曾经”符合句意,故D为正确答案。
9.「答案」 C
「解析」 本题考查词汇知识。根据句意,“大多数义务性的组织只有少数全职员工”。C staff“全体职工,全体人员”为最佳答案。
10.「答案」 A
「解析」 本题考查介词。in some ways是固定搭配,意为“在某些地方”。故A为正确答案。
11.「答案」 D
「解析」 本题考查词汇知识。下文by commercial criteria(根据商业准则)提示此处选择D judge“判断,评价”。B comment意为“评论”,不合适。
12.「答案」 C
「解析」 本题考查词汇知识。根据句意,“为了不同的理由和目的”。C objective“目标,目的”符合句意。故C为正确答案。A subjective意为“主观的”;B subject意为“主题”;D objects意为“物件,对象”。
13.「答案」 B
「解析」 本题考查形容词的用法。根据both……and……结构,此处所选词应与前面personal“个人的”相对应,均为形容词,故B organizational“组织的”为正确答案。
14.「答案」 A
「解析」 本题考查动词+ing作宾语补足语的用法。A expecting为宾语补足语,表示伴随状况;B to expect表示谓语的目的。根据句意,A更贴切。因此,A为正确答案。
15.「答案」 B
「解析」 本题考查词汇知识。本句意为“他们必须为这项事业承担义务,而不是为了商业效益。”故B cause“事业,事件”为答案。
16.「答案」 B
「解析」 本题考查词汇的用法。salary“薪水”应当用大小来修饰。同时根据上下文,义务工作的报酬不可能高。故B small为正确答案。
17.「答案」 A
「解析」 本题考查词汇的固定搭配。for free表示“无偿的”。故A为正确答案。
18.「答案」 C
「解析」 本题考查介词的用法。根据句意,所选词表示的含义应与后面during one's working life“在工作期间”相对。on retirement表示退休时;in retirement表示退休后。故C为最佳答案。
19.「答案」 D
「解析」 本题考查固定短语的用法。根据句意“在工作期间的活动也要认真进行”。D no less意为“不少于,多达”,符合句意,是正确答案。
20.「答案」 C
「解析」 本题考查非谓语动词作动词宾语的用法。consider要求其后面动词用ing形式,作宾语。故C为正确答案。
译文
为社区服务是没有限度的,你可以每个星期在某个慈善机构工作几小时,也可以全职为某个社会机构工作。正如年轻人在参加全职工作前有机会参加海外志愿服务一样,发展中国家的合格技术人员也有机会参加海外服务。一些人,尤其是那些退休早的人,在有特殊需求的国家提供他们的技术和商业技能。
所以在考虑义务或付费的社区服务时,现在比一个人刚开始工作时有更多的机会。大多数义务性的组织只有少数全职员工,在很大程度上依赖志愿者和兼职者。这意味着工作关系与商业机构中的有所不同,而且价值观也可能不同。在某些方面,他们的关系似乎更随便,而且效率不高,但是人们不应用商业标准来评价他们。与他们一起工作的人都是由于不同的——或是私人的或是团体的——原因和目的而来工作的。一个人加入到他们当中,不要想着带给他们专业经验;他们必须为了这项事业承担义务,而不是为了商业效益。由于报酬很少,或者根本没有报酬,许多志愿团体提供少量的经费。不过很多已经退休的人无偿地参加社区服务,仅仅是因为他们享受这份工作。
许多退休以后的社区活动在退休之前也会经历,不过退休后会更认真地做这些工作。如果退休的人们正在找一些新鲜事做,那不要选择社区服务的工作。
Section II Reading Comprehension
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