专业技术人员以英语为工具，主要通过阅读获取相关学科和专业的信息，因此，全国专业技术职称英语等级考试也主要是考阅读理解。从考试题型来看，主要是多项选择题。该题型在职称英语等级考试中占15题，45分(占总分的45％)。全国职称英语等级考试大纲就阅读理解能力的考核目标作了如下规定：
考生应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解本专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。阅读能力主要包括下列几个方面：
1．掌握所读材料的主旨和大意(主旨题)；
2．了解阐述主旨的事实和细节(细节题)；
3．利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义(猜测题)；
4．既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系(逻辑题)；
5．根据所读材料进行判断和推论(判断题)；
6．领会作者的观点、意图和态度(演绎题)。
根据考试大纲规定的考核目标，我们归纳出相应的六种阅读理解题的类型，并具体地探讨如何答好这些阅读理解题。
5．根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论
判断和推理的能力对深刻理解一篇文章十分重要。特别是对理解作者字里行间的言外之意以及作者的观点、写作意图和态度十分重要。所以这也是阅读理解测试中常见的题目内容。这类题常要求考生推断文章的含义和引申意思；根据文章所提供的部分信息或文章的含义进行归纳；判断所节选文章的某一部分的内容要点；有时甚至要求推断作者的身分。下面是判断、推理的一些常见的表达方式：
1. What is implied in the sentence(s) ... ?
2. It is implied in the passage that
3. The passage implies / suggests that
4. It can be inferred/seen/concluded from the passage that
5. Which of the following can be inferred from this passage?
6. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?
7. Which of the following conclusions could best be drawn from the passage?
8. Based on the passage, we can assume that
9. We can learn from the passage that the author is
10. In Which of the following publications would this passage most likely be printed?
11. The paragraph following the passage would most probably discuss12. What would the paragraph preceding this passage probably discuss?
例1：“Do you believe in life after death?” Jack's boss asked Jack.“Yes, sir.”“Well, then, that makes everything just fine,” the boss went on. “About an hour after you left yesterday to go to your grandfather’s funeral, he dropped in to see you.”
1. What do you suppose Jack did the day before?
A. He attended his grandfather's funeral.
B. He told a lie to get the day off.
C. He meant to attend a funeral but didn't.
D. He did nothing special; he worked as usual.
2. What do you suppose happened to Jack's grandfather the day before?
A. He had been dead for some days but suddenly came to life again.
B. He was well and alive but his family thought he was dead and planned a funeral.
C. He learned that Jack had cheated his boss and came to expose him.
D. Nothing special happened to him; he was going about his usual business.
3. When the boss said, "That makes everything just fine", he _______
A. meant he was glad that Jack' s grandfather was still alive
B. meant he was glad that Jack believed in life after death
C. was, in fact, telling Jack that everything was OK
D. was, in fact, telling Jack that he had been found out
4. Who does the writer want to say was a real believer in life after death?
A. Jack.
B. Jack's boss.
C. Jack' s grandfather.
D. No one.
这是一个幽默故事，它的幽默点往往不会直接说出来。读者应该领悟其隐含的核心信息：“杰克撒谎然后被揭穿”。这四个问题的答案如下：1．13； 2．D； 3．D； 4．D
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